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Using a Normative Appeal to Control Litter at a Public Swimming Pool

Cases
Reich, J. W., & Robertson, J. L. (1979). Reactance and norm appeal in anti-littering messages. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 9, 1, 91-101.
A literature review revealed that a statement that puts an extreme demand on a person is likely to elicit the undesirable behavior. On the other hand, a statement that creates a n…

Using Verbal and Visual Prompts to Reduce Litter in High Schools in Perth, Australia

Cases
Houghton, S. (1993). Using verbal and visual prompts to control littering in high schools. Educational Studies, 19, 3, 247-254.
A literature review revealed that prompts were an effective tool in controlling litter. Therefore, verbal and visual prompts were incorporated into a pilot program designed to cur…

Motivating Community Recycling: New Zealand Curbside Trial

Cases
Randomly selected residents of New Zealand were asked to participate in a curbside recycling trial. Two weeks before the first collection they received a letter from the mayor tha…

Using Block Leaders and Prompts to Improve Participation in Curbside Recycling in Denver Colorado

Cases
Based on information obtained from a literature review, norms and prompts were incorporated into a pilot program designed to improve participation in curbside recycling. City bloc…

Encouraging Environmentally Friendly Shopping using Prompts, Commitment and Norms

Cases
Customers at a Zehr's supermarket in Kitchener, Ontario were encouraged to purchase environmentally friendly products. 168 products were identified that either had least-waste pac…

Improving Participation in a Newspaper Recycling Program in Apartment Complexes Using Prompts

Cases
Reid, D. H., Luyben, P. D., Rawers, R. J. & Bailey, J. S. (1976). Newspaper recycling behavior: the effects of prompting and proximity of containers. Environment and Behavior, 8, 471-481.
A literature review revealed that prompts are an effective method to improve participation in recycling programs. Furthermore, recycling increases when containers are in close pro…

Recycling at Festivals and Public Events

Cases
The international environmental agency for local governments (ICLEI) have a mission to build and serve a worldwide movement of local governments to achieve tangible improvements i…

Waste Wise Program

Cases
Waste Wise is a free, voluntary program set up by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which attempts to eliminate costly municipal solid waste. Waste Wise targ…

The Effects of an Ambiguous, Negative Sign Prompts and a Clearly-Stated Positive Sign Prompt on Intentions to Litter

Cases
Horsley, A. D. (1988). The unintended effects of a posted sign on littering attitudes and stated intentions. Journal of Environmental Education, 19, 3, 10-14.
A literature review revealed that sign prompts can be effective in reducing the amount of litter. In order to further investigate the effects of prompts, a questionnaire was given…

Clean Builder Program

Cases
St. John's Clean and Beautiful is dedicated to increasing environmental awareness, reducing litter, and encouraging community beautification. The Clean Builder program is designed…

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